Plan for uncertainty. Decide with confidence.

Scenario Planning Guide

A practical, executive-ready guide to building repeatable scenario workflows — from defining scenarios and modeling assumptions, to publishing board-ready outcomes and operational playbooks. Designed for CFOs, CEOs, Boards and Finance teams who need fast, defensible decision inputs.

Why scenario planning matters

Scenario planning transforms uncertain futures into actionable choices. Rather than relying on a single forecast, you model multiple plausible futures (base, upside, downside, shock) and define trigger-based actions.

Reveals vulnerabilities

Identify risks before they hurt cash and valuation.

Aligns leadership

Define contingency steps and thresholds with clear ownership.

Improves financing and treasury

Optimize fundraising timing, covenant headroom, and capital allocation.

Creates audit-ready rationale

Produce defensible decisions for boards and investors.

Who should use this guide

CFOs and finance teams building decision-ready forecasts
CEOs preparing for fundraising or strategic pivots
Boards seeking evidence-based scenario outcomes
Investors and lenders evaluating risk and covenants

What a scenario planning framework looks like

Frame the question: What decision are we preparing for? (e.g., extend runway, raise bridge, accept offer)

Define scenarios: Base, Upside, Downside, Shock(s). Make assumptions explicit.

Model impacts: Revenue, margin, cash, capex, hiring, debt service, and valuation.

Assign probabilities & timelines: Likelihood and horizon for each scenario.

Derive actions / playbooks: Triggers and step-by-step responses (hire freeze, pricing changes, bridge raise).

Govern & publish: Versioned snapshots with CFO sign-off for board circulation.

Monitor & update: Weekly/monthly cadence with alerts for trigger breaches.

Standard scenario types

Base case

Expected path based on plan and current trends

Upside

Faster revenue, improved conversion, or accelerated enterprise deals

Downside

Revenue shortfall, higher churn, slower sales cycles

Shock scenarios

Macro events like rate spike, FX crisis, customer loss, supply chain failure

Hybrid / Contingent

Combinations (e.g., downside + FX shock) to measure compounding risk

Scenario inputs & assumptions

Common input groups:

Revenue drivers: pipeline conversion, average deal size, churn, seasonality
Cost drivers: payroll, contractors, marketing, COGS, fixed overhead
Working capital: DSO, DPO, inventory turns
Capital events: equity rounds, debt draws/repayments, grant disbursements
External variables: interest rates, FX, sector-specific KPIs, customer concentration

Best practice: keep assumptions granular, source-linked, and owner-assigned (who owns the assumption & why).

Modeling approaches

Driver-based modeling

Map revenue and costs to observable drivers (customers × ARPA × retention). Best for transparency and sensitivity.

P&L-to-cash conversion

Run accrual P&L then convert to cash via working capital dynamics for mid-term horizons.

Direct cash modeling

Required for 0–90 day runway precision (collections & disbursements by day).

Probability-weighted scenarios

Assign likelihoods and compute expected outcomes for planning capital needs. Tip: use hybrid models (direct for near-term, driver-based for mid-term).

Step-by-step playbook

Step 1 — Scope the decision

Define the decision and timeline (e.g., ‘Do we freeze hiring if runway < 90 days within 3 months?’). Set acceptance criteria for each scenario.

Step 2 — Identify key drivers

List 6–10 critical variables that move the outcome (bookings velocity, churn, large customer risk, capex).

Step 3 — Create scenario assumptions

Document precise deltas per scenario. Example: Downside = -30% new bookings, +5% churn, DSO +10 days.

Step 4 — Build scenario models

Build base model and apply scenario deltas. Output: runway, covenant headroom, valuation impact, KPI deltas.

Step 5 — Define triggers and actions

For each scenario, define immediate actions and staged actions (30/60/90 days).

Step 6 — Sign off & publish

CFO approves scenario snapshot; publish board one-pager; archive versions.

Step 7 — Monitor & iterate

Automate alerts; check triggers weekly; update probabilities and assumptions on new data.

Scenario template (text) — quick reference

Header: Scenario name, owner, date, probability estimate
Assumptions: numeric deltas for revenue, churn, CAC, capex, gross margin, DSO/DPO
Outputs: runway (days), net burn, revenue (12 months), EBITDA, implied valuation range
Triggers: numeric thresholds and timing
Actions: immediate triage + 30/60/90 day playbook
Notes & provenance: data sources & approvals

Example scenarios

Example A — Base

Assumptions: bookings growth +12% Y/Y, churn 4% monthly, DSO steady.

Outcome: runway = 14 months; valuation midpoint increases 10%.

Example B — Downside

Assumptions: bookings -30% vs plan, churn +3pp, receivables delayed 15 days.

Outcome: runway = 4 months; trigger → hire freeze, vendor renegotiation, pause marketing.

Example C — Shock (rate hike + FX)

Assumptions: interest expense +30% on variable debt; FX reduces revenue by 10%.

Outcome: debt covenant breach in 2 months; trigger → immediate lender notice and remediation plan.

Playbooks & action steps

Triage (0–7 days)

Pause discretionary spend; identify top 5 savings; negotiate 30–60 day vendor terms.

Stabilize (8–30 days)

Launch targeted revenue recovery; prioritize collections; implement hiring pause.

Recover / Finance (31–90 days)

Open bridge financing conversations; implement restructuring; prepare investor packet.

Governance & cadence

Daily: treasury monitors cash and high-risk receivables; immediate alert if trigger nears.

Weekly: FP&A updates near-term scenario and checklist; publish top 3 risks to leadership.

Monthly: CFO publishes signed scenario snapshots for board pre-reads.

Quarterly: strategic scenario review aligned with planning and fundraising calendars.

KPIs to track

Runway (days) — core metric
Probability-weighted funding gap (30–180 days)
Forecast accuracy by horizon (0–30, 31–90 days)
Scenario trigger breach lead time (days)
Action completion rate after a trigger (percent)
Valuation delta by scenario (implied valuation bands)

Tools & automation

Connectors

Bank APIs, billing systems, CRM pipelines (Stripe, QuickBooks, HubSpot).

Modeling

Driver-based models with parameterized inputs for fast scenario toggles.

Alerts

Automated notifications when triggers are within threshold.

Audit & sign-off

Version control and CFO sign-off workflow (QuantCore™ provides built-in controls).

Integration note: Push scenario-selected comps from QuantTerminal™ to QuantVal™ to estimate valuation shifts; push valuation outputs into QuantCore™ board one-pagers.

Common pitfalls & how to avoid them

Vague assumptions

Quantify deltas and attach data sources

No owner for triggers

Assign named owners and deadlines

Too many scenarios

Limit to 3–5 actionable scenarios

Failing to tie to cash

Always show cash & covenant impacts

Not updating

Automate cadence and alerts

Communication best practices

Publish a one-page scenario brief: headline outcome, key assumptions, top 3 actions, required approvals.

Use a consistent language and template so boards can compare snapshots month-to-month.

Mark scenario probability and last-updated date prominently.

For external communication (investors/lenders) include provenance and sign-off.

Example board one-pager structure

Title & snapshot date
Scenario name & probability
Key assumptions (3 bullets)
Headline outcomes (runway days, valuation band, covenant status)
Top 3 recommended actions & owners
Link to full model & provenance

Case study (short)

Context: SaaS startup with 10 months runway; major customer churn risk.

Action: Ran downside scenario (-40% ARR, +15 days DSO).

Result: Identified 3% cash-saving levers extending runway to 6 months and secured a $1M bridge within 21 days.

Templates & assets to offer

Scenario Template (XLSX) — base / upside / downside inputs & outputs
Board One-Pager PDF template
Trigger & playbook checklist
Scenario audit log export

SEO content strategy & internal linking

Target pages to link to: Cash Forecasting Guide, 409A Valuation Guide, QuantCore product page, QuantVal service, QuantTerminal.

Content cluster ideas: “How to build a downside scenario in 48 hours”, “Scenario planning for fundraising”, “Top 5 scenario triggers investors watch”.

Schema: add HowTo schema for the step-by-step playbook and FAQPage schema for the FAQ section.

FAQ

Turn uncertainty into decisions.

Run a scenario planning session with QuantPillar — get a signed board-ready scenario snapshot and a prioritized playbook.